How to Begin Implement Tutorials Point Routing in NS3

To implement TutorialsPoint Routing using NS3 which isn’t a predefined or well-known routing protocol, however if we are denoting to executing a custom routing protocol within NS3 that adhering simplified approach for learning through a tutorial on TutorialsPoint, then we can make a basic example routing protocol for NS3. This method will illustrate on how routing protocols are created and executed within NS3, which supports simplicity and educational clarity.

Below is a detailed procedure to make a simple custom routing protocol in NS3:

Steps to Begin Implement TutorialsPoint Routing in NS3

Step 1: Define Your Routing Protocol’s Behavior

1. Custom Protocol Goals:
   • It focuses on basic functionality such as direct routing, random routing, or a certain educational concept.
   • Sustain a simple routing table including entries in terms of destination, next hop, and cost.
2. Workflow Example:
   • Nodes sustain an immobile routing table.
   • Transmit the packets according to the routing table.
   • Dynamically update routing table (optional).
3. Implementation Outline:
   • Make a new routing protocol class.
   • Override crucial mechanisms such as RouteOutput and RouteInput.
   • Execute the updates of static or dynamic routing table.

Step 2: Set Up NS3

1. Install NS3:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./ns3 configure –enable-examples –enable-tests

./ns3 build

1. Verify Installation: Confirm installation by executing a sample script:

./ns3 run examples/tutorial/first

Step 3: Define the Routing Protocol Class

1. Create the Custom Protocol Class: To execute the routing protocol, we can prolong the Ipv4RoutingProtocol class.

#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-protocol.h”

#include “ns3/socket.h”

#include <map>

using namespace ns3;

class TutorialRouting : public Ipv4RoutingProtocol {

public:

static TypeId GetTypeId(void);

TutorialRouting();

virtual ~TutorialRouting();

virtual Ptr<Ipv4Route> RouteOutput(Ptr<Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr) override;

virtual bool RouteInput(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb,

MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb,

ErrorCallback ecb) override;

void NotifyInterfaceUp(uint32_t interface) override;

void NotifyInterfaceDown(uint32_t interface) override;

void AddStaticRoute(Ipv4Address destination, Ipv4Address nextHop);

private:

std::map<Ipv4Address, Ipv4Address> m_routingTable; // Destination -> NextHop

};

Step 4: Implement Core Functions

1. Implement Routing Table Management:

void TutorialRouting::AddStaticRoute(Ipv4Address destination, Ipv4Address nextHop) {

m_routingTable[destination] = nextHop;

}

1. Implement Packet Forwarding Logic:

Ptr<Ipv4Route> TutorialRouting::RouteOutput(Ptr<Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr) {

Ptr<Ipv4Route> route = Create<Ipv4Route>();

auto it = m_routingTable.find(header.GetDestination());

if (it != m_routingTable.end()) {

route->SetDestination(header.GetDestination());

route->SetGateway(it->second); // Use NextHop from routing table

route->SetOutputDevice(oif);

}

return route;

}

bool TutorialRouting::RouteInput(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb,

MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb,

ErrorCallback ecb) {

if (header.GetDestination() == GetNode()->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal()) {

lcb(packet, header, idev); // Deliver locally

return true;

}

auto it = m_routingTable.find(header.GetDestination());

if (it != m_routingTable.end()) {

Ptr<Ipv4Route> route = Create<Ipv4Route>();

route->SetDestination(header.GetDestination());

route->SetGateway(it->second); // Use NextHop from routing table

ucb(route, packet, header);

return true;

}

return false;

}

1. Handle Interface Events:

void TutorialRouting::NotifyInterfaceUp(uint32_t interface) {

NS_LOG_INFO(“Interface ” << interface << ” is up”);

}

void TutorialRouting::NotifyInterfaceDown(uint32_t interface) {

NS_LOG_INFO(“Interface ” << interface << ” is down”);

}

Step 5: Register the Protocol with NS3

1. Register the Protocol: Create the available protocol in NS3 applying TypeId:

TypeId TutorialRouting::GetTypeId(void) {

static TypeId tid = TypeId(“ns3::TutorialRouting”)

.SetParent<Ipv4RoutingProtocol>()

.SetGroupName(“Internet”)

.AddConstructor<TutorialRouting>();

return tid;

}

Step 6: Integrate the Protocol in a Simulation

1. Simulation Script Example: Configure a basic network and utilize the custom routing protocol:

#include “ns3/internet-stack-helper.h”

#include “ns3/tutorial-routing.h”

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(4);

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

devices.Add(p2p.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2)));

devices.Add(p2p.Install(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3)));

InternetStackHelper stack;

Ptr<TutorialRouting> tutorialRouting = CreateObject<TutorialRouting>();

tutorialRouting->AddStaticRoute(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.1”)); // Example route

stack.SetRoutingHelper(tutorialRouting);

stack.Install(nodes);

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Step 7: Test and Debug

1. Enable Logging: Make use of NS3’s logging system:

export NS_LOG=”TutorialRouting=level_all|prefix_time”

./ns3 run my-simulation

1. Verify Behavior:
   • Confirm packet delivery depends on the entries of routing table.
   • Verify the operation of custom protocol under diverse scenarios.

Step 8: Extend and Optimize

1. Enhancements:
   • Integrate dynamic route updates for enhancements.
   • For routing decisions, we need to execute the advanced parameters like delay, bandwidth.
2. Performance Testing:
   • Analyze the performance of tutorialspoint routing within large-scale networks.
   • Probe effectiveness and routing table convergence time.

We had offered a clear explanation along with sample coding for implementing Tutorialspoint Routing using NS3 to ensure a thorough understanding. Further details will be available soon based on your requests.