How to Begin Implement Network Number of Alive Nodes in NS3

To begin implementing the Number of Alive Nodes using NS3, we can monitor the energy levels of nodes and during the simulation we need to determine how many nodes are staying operational. It is specifically designed for energy-constrained networks such as wireless sensor networks.

Steps to Implement the Number of Alive Nodes in NS3

1. Understand Alive Nodes

• Definition: Nodes are deliberated “alive” as they contain adequate energy to execute the network operations such as sending and receiving.
• Key Metrics:
  • Volume of alive nodes at provided time.
  • Time upon which nodes fail (depletion of energy).

2. Set Up NS3 Simulation Environment

1. Install NS3:
   • Make sure that we have properly installed and downloaded NS3 on the computer.
2. Choose a Network Type:
   • Make use of wireless networks such as Wifi, Lte, or Adhoc in which energy utilization is related.
3. Enable the Energy Framework:
   • Facilitate NS3 Energy Framework which displays energy sources and device energy utilization.

3. Configure Energy Models

1. Energy Source:
   • Insert a BasicEnergySource to every single node, offering first energy source.
2. Device Energy Model:
   • Monitor energy usage with the help of WifiRadioEnergyModel or other related energy patterns.

4. Implement Alive Node Tracking

Observe the volume of alive nodes through verifying the remaining energy of each node periodically.

Example Script: Counting Alive Nodes in NS3

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/energy-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

class AliveNodesTracker {

public:

AliveNodesTracker(NodeContainer nodes, EnergySourceContainer energySources)

: m_nodes(nodes), m_energySources(energySources), m_aliveNodes(0) {}

void UpdateAliveNodes() {

m_aliveNodes = 0;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < m_energySources.GetN(); ++i) {

Ptr<BasicEnergySource> energySource = DynamicCast<BasicEnergySource>(m_energySources.Get(i));

if (energySource && energySource->GetRemainingEnergy() > 0) {

m_aliveNodes++;

}

}

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Time: ” << Simulator::Now().GetSeconds() << “s, Alive Nodes: ” << m_aliveNodes);

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &AliveNodesTracker::UpdateAliveNodes, this);

}

private:

NodeContainer m_nodes;

EnergySourceContainer m_energySources;

uint32_t m_aliveNodes;

};

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(10); // 10 nodes in the network

// Configure WiFi

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211g);

WifiMacHelper mac;

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, mac, nodes);

// Configure mobility

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”,

“X”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),

“Y”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”,

“Bounds”, RectangleValue(Rectangle(0, 100, 0, 100)));

mobility.Install(nodes);

// Configure energy sources

BasicEnergySourceHelper energySourceHelper;

energySourceHelper.Set(“BasicEnergySourceInitialEnergyJ”, DoubleValue(50.0)); // 50 Joules initial energy

EnergySourceContainer energySources = energySourceHelper.Install(nodes);

// Configure device energy models

WifiRadioEnergyModelHelper wifiRadioEnergyHelper;

wifiRadioEnergyHelper.Install(devices, energySources);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Configure IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Configure applications

UdpEchoServerHelper server(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = server.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // First node as server

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper client(interfaces.GetAddress(0), 9);

client.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(1000));

client.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(MilliSeconds(100)));

client.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = client.Install(nodes.Get(1)); // Second node as client

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0));

// Track alive nodes

AliveNodesTracker tracker(nodes, energySources);

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &AliveNodesTracker::UpdateAliveNodes, &tracker);

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Explanation of the Script

1. Energy Source:
   • BasicEnergySource is connected to each node including primary energy source of 50 Joules.
2. Device Energy Model:
   • WifiRadioEnergyModel shows energy utilization for communication, reception, and idle states.
3. Alive Node Tracking:
   • The AliveNodesTracker class periodically verifies remaining energy of each node and records the amount of alive nodes.
4. Traffic Generation:
   • An UdpEchoServer and UdpEchoClient are leveraged for generating traffic and utilising energy.

5. Run the Simulation

1. Build the script:

./waf –run “alive-nodes-tracker-example”

1. During the simulation, monitor the records intended for the volume of alive nodes at various times.

6. Analyze Results

• Impact of Traffic Load:
  • Maximize the packet rate or size and then monitor how it impacts the number of alive nodes.
• Impact of Mobility:
  • Estimate the impact on energy consumption using diverse mobility patterns and speeds.

We clearly shown the implementation approaches on how execute the Network Number of Alive Nodes and how to analyze their outcomes using NS3 environment. We plan to share the more details concerning this topic in upcoming manual.