How to Begin Implement Network Intermediate Delay in NS3

To begin a network intermediate delay in NS3, we need to calculate the delay has launch through intermediate nodes in a network. This delay has contains the queuing, processing, and communication delays incurred at every intermediate node on the path from the source to the destination.

Steps to Implement Network Intermediate Delay in NS3

1. Understand Intermediate Delay

• Definition: Intermediate delay is the duration for spent through a packet for intermediate nodes among the source and destination. This contains:
  • Queuing Delay: Time over the queue for waiting the transmission.
  • Processing Delay: Time taken to develop the packet for the intermediate node.
  • Transmission Delay: Time has necessary the transmitting the packet.
• End-to-End Delay:

Total Delay=Propagation Delay+∑i=1nIntermediate Delay\text{Total Delay} = \text{Propagation Delay} + \sum_{i=1}^{n} \text{Intermediate Delay}Total Delay=Propagation Delay+i=1∑n​Intermediate Delay

2. Set up NS3 Environment

1. Install NS3: Assure the tool NS3 is installed on the system. Download it from the NS3 website.
2. Define the Network Topology:
   • Use a sample network topology by at least one intermediate node.
   • Example: Source → Intermediate Node(s) → Destination.

3. Log Timestamps at Intermediate Nodes

• To amount intermediate delay:
  • Enhance the timestamp for the packet at the source.
  • The performance of parameter duration after the packet is received and transmitted through every intermediate node.
  • Calculate the change time among the packet was received and the duration for forwarded.

4. Implement Intermediate Delay Measurement

Under is a sample script for a basic network by one intermediate node:

Example Script: Intermediate Delay in NS3

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

class IntermediateDelayTracker {

public:

void LogDelay(Ptr<const Packet> packet, Time receiveTime, Time forwardTime) {

Time delay = forwardTime – receiveTime;

NS_LOG_UNCOND(Simulator::Now().GetSeconds() << “s: Intermediate Delay = ” << delay.GetMicroSeconds() << ” μs”);

}

};

IntermediateDelayTracker delayTracker;

void IntermediateReceive(Ptr<const Packet> packet) {

Time receiveTime = Simulator::Now();

// Schedule forwarding the packet after processing and queuing delays

Time forwardDelay = MilliSeconds(2); // Simulated delay

Simulator::Schedule(forwardDelay, [packet, receiveTime]() {

Time forwardTime = Simulator::Now();

delayTracker.LogDelay(packet, receiveTime, forwardTime);

});

}

void SendPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket) {

Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>(1024); // 1024 bytes

socket->Send(packet);

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SendPacket, socket); // Send every 1 second

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(3); // Source, Intermediate, Destination

// Configure Point-to-Point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“5ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices1 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer devices2 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces1 = address.Assign(devices1);

address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces2 = address.Assign(devices2);

// Create sockets

Ptr<Socket> sender = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(0), TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”));

Ptr<Socket> intermediate = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(1), TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”));

Ptr<Socket> receiver = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(2), TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”));

// Bind sockets

InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress(interfaces2.GetAddress(1), 8080);

receiver->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), 8080));

intermediate->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), 8080));

sender->Connect(remote);

// Set intermediate node’s receive callback

intermediate->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&IntermediateReceive));

// Schedule packet sending

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1.0), &SendPacket, sender);

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Explanation of the Script

1. Intermediate Node Delay:
   • The IntermediateReceive functions are performance based on the metrices such as receive time and arrange the forwarding packet next delay for replicated.
2. Logging Intermediate Delays:
   • Delays are changes as the logged among time a packet is received and forwarded at the intermediate node.
3. Packet Flow:
   • Source → Intermediate Node (logs delay) → Destination.
4. Simulated Forwarding Delay:
   • A delay of 2ms is further the intermediate node for replicate the processing and queuing.

5. Run the Simulation

1. Generate the script:

./waf –run “your-script-name”

1. Follow the logs for intermediate delays.

6. Analyze Results

• Use the logged delays for calculate the average, maximum, and minimum intermediate delays.
• Transfer the outcomes file for required additional investigation.

Advanced Extensions

1. Multiple Intermediate Nodes:
   • Enhance the further intermediate nodes and log delays at every node.
2. Dynamic Scenarios:
   • Use the mobility models or different the congestion loads to examine the delays are below the changing environments.
3. Protocol Comparison:
   • Associate the delays for changed routing or MAC protocols.
4. Visualization:
   • Transfer the delays to tools such as Excel, MATLAB, or Python for graphical analysis.

In the conclusion, we evaluate and analyse the intermediate delay in the transmitted network packets using the ns3. For further clarification, please check the additional manual to be provided.