How to Begin Implement Network Error Rate in NS3

To implement and analyze the Network Error Rate in ns-3, follow these steps. Error rate suggest the proportion of packets or bits which are corrupted or lost during communication due to factors such as noise, interference, or congestion.

Steps to Begin Implement Network Error Rate in NS3

1. Understand Network Error Rate

Error rate can be analyzed at changed levels:

• Bit Error Rate (BER): Fraction of bits corrupted during the communication.
• Packet Error Rate (PER): Fraction of packets lost or corrupted.
• Frame Error Rate (FER): Fraction of frames by the errors (used in MAC layers).

Key parameters affecting error rate:

• Channel conditions: Noise, interference, fading.
• Modulation and coding schemes: Impact of error tolerance.
• Transmission power and distance.

2. Set up Your Environment

Assure the tool ns3 is installed and functional. Familiarize by tool ns3 scripting in C++ or Python.

3. Create a Network Topology

Example: Point-to-Point Network

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(2);

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices;

devices = pointToPoint.Install(nodes);

Example: Wireless Network

YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211n);

WifiMacHelper mac;

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NodeContainer wifiNodes;

wifiNodes.Create(5);

NetDeviceContainer wifiDevices;

wifiDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, wifiNodes);

4. Set up the Internet Stack

Download the Internet stack for IP-based communication:

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

5. Simulate Traffic

Build congestion among nodes for validate the error rate.

Example: UDP Traffic

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(1)); // Server on Node 1

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(1), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(100));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(0.01))); // 10ms interval

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Client on Node 0

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

6. Introduce Error Models

Rate Error Model

A simple design to launch the packet drops or bit errors based on a fixed probability:

Ptr<RateErrorModel> errorModel = CreateObject<RateErrorModel>();

errorModel->SetAttribute(“ErrorRate”, DoubleValue(0.01)); // 1% error rate

devices.Get(1)->SetAttribute(“ReceiveErrorModel”, PointerValue(errorModel));

Burst Error Model

Aimed at bursty errors, use a BurstErrorModel:

Ptr<BurstErrorModel> burstErrorModel = CreateObject<BurstErrorModel>();

burstErrorModel->SetAttribute(“BurstSize”, UintegerValue(5)); // Errors in bursts of 5

burstErrorModel->SetAttribute(“BurstProbability”, DoubleValue(0.1)); // 10% probability of bursts

devices.Get(1)->SetAttribute(“ReceiveErrorModel”, PointerValue(burstErrorModel));

Custom Error Model

We can describe the custom error design through inheriting from ErrorModel:

class CustomErrorModel : public ErrorModel {

protected:

bool DoCorrupt(Ptr<Packet> p) override {

return (rand() % 100) < 10; // 10% error probability

}

};

7. Monitor Error Metrics

Track Packets Sent and Received

uint32_t packetsSent = 0, packetsReceived = 0;

void PacketSentCallback(Ptr<const Packet> packet) {

packetsSent++;

}

void PacketReceivedCallback(Ptr<const Packet> packet) {

packetsReceived++;

}

devices.Get(0)->TraceConnectWithoutContext(“MacTx”, MakeCallback(&PacketSentCallback));

devices.Get(1)->TraceConnectWithoutContext(“MacRx”, MakeCallback(&PacketReceivedCallback));

Calculate Error Rate

Final for the replication:

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(10.0), [] {

double errorRate = (packetsSent – packetsReceived) * 100.0 / packetsSent;

std::cout << “Error Rate: ” << errorRate << “%” << std::endl;

});

8. Enable Tracing

Packet-Level Tracing

Log packet actions for examine the errors:

AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

pointToPoint.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“network_error_rate.tr”));

PCAP Tracing

Build a PCAP files intended for packet-level analysis in Wireshark:

pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll(“network_error_rate”);

9. Use FlowMonitor

FlowMonitor follow the stopped packets and throughput, delivers the overall error analysis:

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

monitor->CheckForLostPackets();

Ptr<Ipv4FlowClassifier> classifier = DynamicCast<Ipv4FlowClassifier>(flowmon.GetClassifier());

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();

for (auto& flow : stats) {

Ipv4FlowClassifier::FiveTuple t = classifier->FindFlow(flow.first);

std::cout << “Flow ID: ” << flow.first

<< ” Packet Loss Ratio: ” << (flow.second.txPackets – flow.second.rxPackets) * 100.0 / flow.second.txPackets << “%\n”;

}

10. Visualize Results

• Transfer the error data for a file plotting in tool such as MATLAB or Excel.
• Use to envision the packet losses for real time NetAnim:

AnimationInterface anim(“network_error_rate.xml”);

11. Experiment with Parameters

• Be different the error rate in a RateErrorModel.
• Validate the changed a congestion designs for sample TCP, UDP, bursty.
• It replicates the several situations, like as mobility or congestion, for monitor their effect of error rates.

12. Run the Simulation

Execute for the replication and analyze:

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

As we discussed earlier about how to run the simulation for network error rate in the network that has creates the topology and adjust the application to simulate and executed it using the ns3 tool. We will issue an additional document for questions related to this project