How to Begin Implement Network Cost in NS3

To implement the network cost in NS3 has contains the calculating a resource usage or operational metrics for the network. Network cost can suggest the variation of metrics and depending on the environment:

1. Bandwidth Usage: How on data is being transmitted.
2. Energy Consumption: Network devices are used through the energy.
3. Latency Costs: Effects of delay on the application or system.
4. Economic Costs: Monetary cost for handle the network, like as bandwidth or device expenses.

Steps to Begin Implementing Network Cost in NS3

1. Define Network Cost in Your Context

Classify the kind of cost we are interested in the computing:

• Bandwidth: It completes the data sent/received.
• Energy: Energy usage for devices such as requires NS3’s energy framework.
• Delay: Aggregate the delays with connection.
• Custom Metrics: Monetary or active costs are derived from the custom formulas.

2. Set up the NS3 Simulation Environment

1. Install NS3:
   • Assure the NS3 is installed. Download it from the NS3 website.
2. Design Network Topology:
   • Build a topology for relevant the use case for sample point-to-point, wireless, multi-hop.

3. Select Metrics to Track

• Use NS3 component and follow on the capabilities to track the detailed performance of metrics.
  • Bandwidth: Utilized their Flow Monitor or device-level statistics.
  • Energy: Energy uses an Energy Framework.
  • Latency: Monitor the timestamps for packets.
  • Custom Cost: Apply the formula according to their monitor a performance based on the metrics.

4. Measure Bandwidth Usage (Example)

Bandwidth consumption can be observed using NS3’s Flow Monitor.

Code Snippet:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/flow-monitor-helper.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(2);

// Create Point-to-Point link

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices = pointToPoint.Install(nodes);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Install applications (e.g., UDP traffic)

uint16_t port = 9;

UdpEchoServerHelper server(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = server.Install(nodes.Get(1));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper client(interfaces.GetAddress(1), port);

client.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(100));

client.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(MilliSeconds(10)));

client.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = client.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Enable Flow Monitor

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(11.0));

Simulator::Run();

// Report bandwidth usage

monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“flowmon-results.xml”, true, true);

monitor->CheckForLostPackets();

std::map<FlowId, FlowMonitor::FlowStats> stats = monitor->GetFlowStats();

for (auto const &flow : stats) {

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Flow ” << flow.first << ” – TxBytes: ” << flow.second.txBytes

<< “, RxBytes: ” << flow.second.rxBytes

<< “, Throughput: ”

<< (flow.second.rxBytes * 8.0 / (flow.second.timeLastRxPacket.GetSeconds() –

flow.second.timeFirstTxPacket.GetSeconds())) / 1e6

<< ” Mbps”);

}

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Key Outputs:

• TxBytes: The TxBytes has completed the transmitted bytes.
• RxBytes: The RxBytes have computed the received bytes.
• Throughput: Data rate has an active.

5. Measure Energy Consumption (Example)

Use NS3’s surroundings has Energy Framework to monitor the energy costs. Download an energy source and a device energy model.

Code Snippet:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/energy-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(2);

// Configure WiFi

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211g);

WifiMacHelper mac;

YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, nodes);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Add Energy Source

BasicEnergySourceHelper energySourceHelper;

energySourceHelper.Set(“BasicEnergySourceInitialEnergyJ”, DoubleValue(100.0));

EnergySourceContainer sources = energySourceHelper.Install(nodes);

// Add Device Energy Model

WifiRadioEnergyModelHelper radioEnergyHelper;

DeviceEnergyModelContainer deviceModels = radioEnergyHelper.Install(devices, sources);

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

for (auto source : sources) {

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Remaining energy: ” << source->GetRemainingEnergy() << ” Joules”);

}

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

Key Outputs:

• After replication for endure the energy.
• Device-specific to the energy usage.

6. Combine Multiple Metrics

To compute the composite network cost:

• Monitor the several metrics for instance bandwidth, latency, energy.
• Describe the custom formula for associate in a cost of function: Cost=α⋅Bandwidth+β⋅Latency+γ⋅Energy\text{Cost} = \alpha \cdot \text{Bandwidth} + \beta \cdot \text{Latency} + \gamma \cdot \text{Energy}Cost=α⋅Bandwidth+β⋅Latency+γ⋅Energy
• Change the weights (α,β,γ\alpha, \beta, \gammaα,β,γ) according to their priorities.

7. Visualize Results

Distribute the outcomes for a file or envision for used the tools like:

• MATLAB/Excel: Designed for graph plotting.
• Python: utilized their collection of python such as Matplotlib for visualization.

Advanced Extensions

1. Dynamic Topologies:
   • Use the mobility pattern for mobile networks.
2. Realistic Traffic:
   • It replicates the diverse traffic using OnOffApplication or BulkSendApplication.
3. Economic Cost Models:
   • Integrate the monetary cost according to their bandwidth or energy usage.

In this setup we will show how to execute the basic network cost in ns3 and then we need to expand it further to include more monitoring, additional mechanisms, and more complex network topologies as needed. We will offer another manual to address your demands about this project.