How to Begin Implement an Address Protocol in NS3

To create an execution of Address Protocol using ns3, we can encompass to make a custom approach for address allocation, discovery, or resolution. Such protocols are crucial within dynamic networks such as Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), IoT, or other networks in which static IP task may not be realistic.

Below we see how to start executing an Address Protocol in ns3:

Steps to Begin Implement an Address Protocol in NS3

1. Understand the Requirements

1. Type of Address Protocol:
   • Dynamic Address Allocation: Dynamically allocate addresses such as DHCP.
   • Address Resolution: Interpret logical addresses such as IP to hardware addresses (e.g., MAC), as ARP.
   • Custom Address Management: To manage unique addressing requirements within the simulation.
2. Protocol Behavior:
   • Describe how addresses are demanded, allocated, and released.
   • It has methods for conflict detection and resolution as required.
3. Simulation Scope:
   • Focus on whether the protocol locally functions within a subnet or globally through subnets.

2. Set Up ns3 Environment

1. Install ns3:
   • We should download and install ns3 on the system.
   • Make sure that we have set up by executing a simple instance script as ./waf –run hello-simulator.
2. Include Required Modules:
   • Verify all necessary components like internet, ipv4, applications, and wifi (or csma) modules are enabled.

3. Design the Protocol

1. Define Message Types:
   • Select protocol messages like:
     • Request: Transmitted by clients to request an address.
     • Response: Forwarded by the server or peer for allocating an address.
     • Release: Broadcasted with the client to release an address.
2. Address Management:
   • Make a data structure for handling the allocated and available addresses.

class AddressManager {

public:

Ipv4Address GetAvailableAddress();

void ReleaseAddress(Ipv4Address addr);

private:

std::set<Ipv4Address> m_availableAddresses;

std::set<Ipv4Address> m_allocatedAddresses;

};

1. Conflict Detection:
   • Execute the approaches for identifying and solving duplicate addresses as needed.

4. Implement the Address Protocol
5. Define Protocol Class

Make a protocol class for managing the Address Protocol:

class AddressProtocol : public Application {

public:

static TypeId GetTypeId();

AddressProtocol();

virtual ~AddressProtocol();

void StartApplication() override;

void StopApplication() override;

void SendRequest();

void ReceiveResponse(Ptr<Socket> socket);

private:

Ptr<Socket> m_socket;

Ipv4Address m_assignedAddress;

AddressManager m_addressManager;

};

1. Client Behavior

1. Send Address Request:
   • The client transmits demand to the server.

void AddressProtocol::SendRequest() {

Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>();

// Add request header

m_socket->Send(packet);

}

1. Receive Address Response:
   • The client inherits the allocated address response from the server.

void AddressProtocol::ReceiveResponse(Ptr<Socket> socket) {

Ptr<Packet> packet = socket->Recv();

// Parse the packet to extract the assigned address

m_assignedAddress = …;

}

1. Server Behavior

1. Allocate Addresses:
   • The server dynamically allocates the addresses and replies to clients.

void AddressProtocol::HandleRequest(Ptr<Socket> socket) {

Ipv4Address newAddress = m_addressManager.GetAvailableAddress();

Ptr<Packet> response = Create<Packet>();

// Add response header with the assigned address

socket->Send(response);

}

1. Manage Address Pool:
   • Follow the addresses that are assigned and available.

5. Set Up Network Topology

1. Create Nodes:
   • Make a network topology with nodes for the network.

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(10); // 10 nodes

1. Configure Links:
   • Make the network topology to utilize WifiHelper or CsmaHelper.

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211b);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

1. Set Mobility:
   • Integrate mobility patterns for dynamic scenarios such as MANETs.

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”,

“X”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”),

“Y”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=0.0|Max=100.0]”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,

“Speed”, StringValue(“ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=1.0|Max=20.0]”),

“Pause”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=2.0]”));

mobility.Install(nodes);

1. Install Protocol:
   • Set up the custom Address Protocol on the nodes.

Ptr<AddressProtocol> addressProtocol = CreateObject<AddressProtocol>();

nodes.Get(0)->AddApplication(addressProtocol);

6. Simulate Traffic

1. Install Applications:
   • Replicate traffic with the support of client-server applications.

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(9)); // Server

serverApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.10”), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Client

clientApps.Start(Seconds(3.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

1. Monitor Traffic:
   • Leverage PacketSink for examining the received packets.

7. Enable Tracing and Logging

1. PCAP Tracing:

wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll(“address-protocol”);

1. FlowMonitor:
   • Accumulate performance parameters using FlowMonitor.

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

1. ASCII Logging:

AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“address-protocol.tr”));

8. Run and Analyze the Simulation

1. Run the Simulator:

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

1. Analyze Results:
   • Assess the behaviour of protocol with PCAP and FlowMonitor data.
   • Apply NetAnim for envisioning the network.

AnimationInterface anim(“address-protocol.xml”);

9. Extend and Optimize

1. Conflict Resolution:
   • Integrate the methods for managing the duplicate address conflicts.
2. Scalability:
   • Experiment the protocol for scalability including larger networks.
3. Mobility Scenarios:
   • Measure the performance of mobility within highly dynamic networks.

Example Use Cases

• Dynamic Networks:
  • In MANETs or IoT networks, we can use the Address Protocol.
• Simulation of DHCP:
  • Mimic a basic version of DHCP for IP address allocation.
• Address Resolution:
  • Execute a protocol to solve logical-to-physical addresses such as ARP.

Through this manual, we guided you by offering the process with relevant sample coding which makes it easier to know the implementation and analysis of Address Protocol in NS3 environment. Further insights will be added later.