How to Begin Implement a Smart City Networking in NS3

To create a Smart City Networking simulation in ns3 tool contains the build a network which signifies the interconnected devices, sensors, and structure typical of a smart city. The ns3 tool can replicate the different layers and modules for a smart city network, such as IoT devices, vehicular communication, and centralized control systems.

Here’s how to begin:

Steps to Begin Implement a Smart City Networking in NS3

1. Understand Smart City Networking Requirements

Smart cities rely on networks for:

• IoT Sensor Networks: The sensors of networks are smart lighting, pollution tracking, etc.
• Vehicular Networks: Communication among vehicles (V2V) and by structure (V2I).
• Centralized Management: The management has data aggregation and control.
• High Throughput & Low Latency: The data processing is real-time.

2. Set up ns-3 Environment

• Install ns-3:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./build.py

• Verify the installation:

./ns3 run hello-simulator

3. Plan Your Smart City Network Architecture

• Nodes:
  • IoT devices such as sensors.
  • Vehicles and structure for sample RSUs, traffic lights.
  • Data aggregation are central servers or cloud nodes.
• Technologies:
  • The technologies are connectivity in Wi-Fi, LTE, or 5G.
  • Low-power devices are LoRaWAN or ZigBee.
• Example Components:
  • IoT Sensors → Gateways → Centralized Cloud.
  • Vehicles → Roadside Units (RSUs) → Traffic Control Server.

4. Select Relevant ns-3 Modules

• Wi-Fi Module: Used for IoT or vehicular communication.
• LTE/5G Modules: Designed for high-speed communication.
• Energy Module: Intended for low-power IoT devices.
• Mobility Models: Designed for replicate an action vehicle.
• Internet Stack: Aimed at IP-based communication.

5. Write the Simulation Script
6. Include Necessary Headers

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/lte-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/energy-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

1. Define Nodes

ns3::NodeContainer iotNodes, vehicularNodes, infrastructureNodes;

iotNodes.Create(10);           // IoT sensors

vehicularNodes.Create(5);      // Vehicles

infrastructureNodes.Create(3); // RSUs and cloud servers

1. Set Up Communication Technology

Wi-Fi for IoT Nodes

ns3::WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(ns3::WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211n);

ns3::WifiMacHelper mac;

ns3::WifiPhyHelper phy = ns3::WifiPhyHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(ns3::YansWifiChannelHelper::Default().Create());

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

ns3::NetDeviceContainer iotDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, iotNodes);

LTE for Vehicles

ns3::LteHelper lteHelper;

ns3::NodeContainer enbNodes;

enbNodes.Create(1); // Single eNodeB

ns3::NetDeviceContainer enbDevices = lteHelper->InstallEnbDevice(enbNodes);

ns3::NetDeviceContainer ueDevices = lteHelper->InstallUeDevice(vehicularNodes);

lteHelper->Attach(ueDevices, enbDevices.Get(0));

1. Install Internet Stack

ns3::InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(iotNodes);

internet.Install(vehicularNodes);

internet.Install(infrastructureNodes);

ns3::Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer iotInterfaces = address.Assign(iotDevices);

address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer vehicularInterfaces = address.Assign(ueDevices);

1. Add Mobility Models

ns3::MobilityHelper mobility;

// IoT nodes: stationary

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(iotNodes);

// Vehicles: moving

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(vehicularNodes);

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < vehicularNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

vehicularNodes.Get(i)->GetObject<ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel>()->SetVelocity(ns3::Vector(10, 0, 0));

}

// Infrastructure nodes: fixed

mobility.Install(infrastructureNodes);

1. Install Applications

// IoT Application

ns3::UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ns3::ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(infrastructureNodes.Get(0));

serverApps.Start(ns3::Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(ns3::Seconds(20.0));

ns3::UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(iotInterfaces.GetAddress(0), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, ns3::UintegerValue(10));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, ns3::TimeValue(ns3::Seconds(2.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, ns3::UintegerValue(512));

ns3::ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(iotNodes.Get(0));

clientApps.Start(ns3::Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(ns3::Seconds(20.0));

// Vehicle Application (e.g., reporting traffic)

ns3::OnOffHelper onOffHelper(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, ns3::InetSocketAddress(infrastructureNodes.Get(1)->GetObject<ns3::Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0).GetLocal(), 10));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, ns3::StringValue(“500kbps”));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, ns3::UintegerValue(1024));

ns3::ApplicationContainer vehicularApps = onOffHelper.Install(vehicularNodes);

vehicularApps.Start(ns3::Seconds(1.0));

vehicularApps.Stop(ns3::Seconds(20.0));

1. Run the Simulation

ns3::Simulator::Run();

ns3::Simulator::Destroy();

6. Analyze and Visualize

• Performance Metrics:
  • The performance of parameter metrices such as throughput, latency, packet delivery ratio, and energy consumption.
• Tracing and Visualization:

ns3::AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

phy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“smart-city.tr”));

phy.EnablePcapAll(“smart-city”);

• Use the tool like NetAnim for envision:

./waf –run “smart-city-simulation –vis”

7. Iterate and Enhance

• Add more features:
  • Data aggregation in structure nodes.
  • For complex applications in QoS-aware communication.
  • Incorporate the energy-efficient protocols.
• Simulate various scenarios:
  • The congestion designs are dynamic.
  • The Multi-hop communication among the IoT devices.

This demonstration offers the complete procedure on how the smart city networking will execute in the various environments using the ns3 tool and also we provide more information regarding the smart city networking.