How to Begin Implement a RIPv2 Protocol in NS3

To create a RIP v2 (Routing Information Protocol version 2) in ns3 tool has contained configure the replication of surrounding in which the routers for dynamically modified routing information using v2. RIP v2 is helps in ns-3, so we can directly setting and process for replication deprived of requiring external tools.

Here’s how to implement RIP v2 in ns-3:

Steps to Begin Implement a RIPv2 Protocol in NS3

1. Understand RIP v2 Protocol

• Key Features:
  • Distance-vector routing protocol.
  • It helps for the classless addressing (CIDR) by subnet masks.
  • The performance of parameter metric for used the hop count such as maximum of 15 hops.
• Simulation Goals:
  • It replicates the network by RIP v2-enabled routers.
  • Apply for routing behavior in dynamic topologies.

2. Set up ns-3 Environment

1. Install ns-3:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./build.py

1. Validate the installation:

./ns3 run hello-simulator

3. Plan the Network Topology

• Components:
  • Routers are processing the RIP v2.
  • Hosts are linked the routers.
  • Connection among their routers forming the network.
• Topology:
  • It builds a minimum network through at least 3 routers and 2 hosts.

4. Implement RIP v2 in ns-3
5. Include Necessary Headers

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/rip-helper.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

1. Define Nodes

ns3::NodeContainer routers, hosts;

routers.Create(3);  // Create 3 routers

hosts.Create(2);    // Create 2 hosts

1. Set Up Links

ns3::PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, ns3::StringValue(“1Gbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, ns3::StringValue(“2ms”));

// Connect routers

ns3::NetDeviceContainer r1r2 = p2p.Install(routers.Get(0), routers.Get(1));  // R1-R2

ns3::NetDeviceContainer r2r3 = p2p.Install(routers.Get(1), routers.Get(2));  // R2-R3

// Connect hosts to routers

ns3::NetDeviceContainer h1r1 = p2p.Install(hosts.Get(0), routers.Get(0));    // Host1-R1

ns3::NetDeviceContainer h2r3 = p2p.Install(hosts.Get(1), routers.Get(2));    // Host2-R3

1. Install Internet Stack with RIP v2

// Create RIP v2 helper

ns3::RipHelper rip;

// Install Internet stack with RIP on routers

ns3::InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.SetRoutingHelper(rip);

stack.Install(routers);

// Install Internet stack on hosts (no routing)

stack.Install(hosts);

1. Assign IP Addresses

cpp

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ns3::Ipv4AddressHelper address;

// Subnet between R1 and R2

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer i1 = address.Assign(r1r2);

// Subnet between R2 and R3

address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer i2 = address.Assign(r2r3);

// Subnet between Host1 and R1

address.SetBase(“192.168.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer i3 = address.Assign(h1r1);

// Subnet between Host2 and R3

address.SetBase(“192.168.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer i4 = address.Assign(h2r3);

5. Generate Traffic

UDP Traffic

// Install a UDP Echo server on Host2

ns3::UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ns3::ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(hosts.Get(1));

serverApp.Start(ns3::Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(ns3::Seconds(20.0));

// Install a UDP Echo client on Host1

ns3::UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(i4.GetAddress(0), 9);  // Send packets to Host2’s IP

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, ns3::UintegerValue(10));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, ns3::TimeValue(ns3::Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, ns3::UintegerValue(512));

ns3::ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(hosts.Get(0));

clientApp.Start(ns3::Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(ns3::Seconds(20.0));

6. Run the Simulation

ns3::Simulator::Run();

ns3::Simulator::Destroy();

7. Analyze Results

Metrics:

• Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR):
  • It calculate the the ratio of successfully delivered packets.
• Convergence Time:
  • Estimate the duration for routing tables in stabilize their topology variations.
• Routing Overhead:
  • Total the numbers of RIP control messages are modified in the routing overhead.

Tracing and Visualization:

• Ensure the tracing for packet study. Cap:

ns3::AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

p2p.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“ripv2.tr”));

p2p.EnablePcapAll(“ripv2”);

• Use the tool for envision like NetAnim:

./waf –run “ripv2-simulation –vis”

8. Iterate and Enhance

• Advanced Scenarios:
  • It replicate the connection or node failures for implement the protocol resilience.
  • Validate by larger networks or several routers.
• Traffic Patterns:
  • Establish the several concurrent for congestion streams.
• Protocol Comparison:
  • It associates the RIP v2 performance by other routing protocols such as OSPF or AODV.

9. Modify RIP Implementation

To customize RIP v2 behavior:

1. It placed the RIP estimation for src/routing/rip directory.
2. Alter the core files:
   • rip-routing-protocol.cc: Core routing logic.
   • rip-helper.cc: Helper class for setting up RIP in simulations.
3. Recreate the ns3:

./waf

In the end, we explored the clear idea about how to implement and conduct the performance outcomes for ns3 using the RIPv2 protocol that also used in the local and wide area network. If you have any doubts regarding the procedures we will help to clarify it.