How to Begin Implement a Inter Planetary Networking in NS3

To start executing Interplanetary Networking (IPN) in NS3, it has needs to replicate the interaction through huge distances including important tasks like high latency, limited bandwidth, and disruptions. IPN is a basic model for space interactions and deep space networks, and it normally utilises the Delay-Tolerant Networking (DTN) protocols. The given below is the implementation process to execute the Inter Planetary Networking in ns3:

Steps to Begin Implement a Inter Planetary Networking in NS3

1. Set Up ns3 Environment

1. Install ns3:
   • We can download and set up NS3 on the machine.
   • Make sure that installation by executing a basic simulation as ./waf –run hello-simulator.
2. Install DTN Support (Optional):
   • Add DTN libraries such as ION (Interplanetary Overlay Network) for realistic IPN executions. We will need to replicate using existing protocols such as TCP/UDP whereas representing high delays as DTN is not necessary.

2. Define Objectives

Set clear goals for IPN simulation:

• Simulate High Latency:
  • Interplanetary distances are establishing the delays ranging from minutes to hours.
• Handle Disruptions:
  • Interaction connections probably intermittent by reason of planetary placements.
• Resource Efficiency:
  • Bandwidth and energy are restricted within space communications.

3. Understand Key Challenges

• Propagation Delay:
  • Light speed in space: ~300,000 km/s. Communication to Mars like approximately 78 million km launches one-way delay ~4–20 minute.
• Link Interruption:
  • Obstacles or planetary motion may interrupt the interaction.
• Bandwidth Constraints:
  • Normally, spacecraft function at restricted bandwidth.

4. Set Up the Network Topology

1. Create Nodes:
   • It signifies the spacecraft, satellites, and ground stations like nodes.

NodeContainer earthStation, marsRover, relaySatellite;

earthStation.Create(1);

marsRover.Create(1);

relaySatellite.Create(1);

1. Configure Links:
   • Replicate the high-latency links using PointToPointHelper or custom delays.

Example (Earth to Mars link with a 10-minute delay):

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“1Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“600s”)); // 600 seconds = 10 minutes

NetDeviceContainer devices = p2p.Install(earthStation.Get(0), relaySatellite.Get(0));

Example (Relay Satellite to Mars):

PointToPointHelper p2pMars;

p2pMars.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“512Kbps”));

p2pMars.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“300s”)); // 5 minutes

NetDeviceContainer devicesMars = p2pMars.Install(relaySatellite.Get(0), marsRover.Get(0));

1. Assign IP Addresses:

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(earthStation);

internet.Install(marsRover);

internet.Install(relaySatellite);

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devices);

5. Simulate Traffic

1. Install Applications:
   • For effective communication and minimized overhead with UDP.

Example (Earth Station to Mars Rover):

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(marsRover.Get(0));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(1000.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(1));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(600))); // Send every 10 minutes

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(earthStation.Get(0));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(1000.0));

1. Handle Long Delays:
   • Plan application events to represent the propagation delay.

6. Implement Custom Protocols (Optional)

1. Delay-Tolerant Networking (DTN):
   • Replicate the DTN aspects such as store-and-forward and custody transfer.

Custom Example:

class DtnApp : public Application {

public:

void StartApplication() override {

// Logic for storing and forwarding data

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(600), &DtnApp::SendBundle, this);

}

void SendBundle() {

// Send a “bundle” to the next hop

}

};

1. Custom Routing:
   • Improve a custom routing mechanism for handling the disruptions and enhancing the routes.

7. Simulate and Analyze

1. Run the Simulation:
   • Compile and run the simulation script as./waf –run “scratch/interplanetary-network”.
2. Analyze Results:
   • Estimate the performance metrics like delay, throughput, and packet delivery ratio leveraging FlowMonitor.

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

1. Log Events:
   • Make use of NS_LOG to debug and know about the behavior in long delays.

8. Visualize Communication

1. NetAnim:
   • Envision the node communications and packet transmits with NetAnim tools for visualization.

AnimationInterface anim(“interplanetary-network.xml”);

1. Custom Plots:
   • Transfer performance indicators into external tools such as Python, MATLAB, or Excel for analysis.

9. Extend the Implementation

1. Scalability:
   • Integrate additional nodes for a multi-hop interplanetary network such as more relay satellites.
2. Mobility:
   • Execute the mobility designs to move around the satellites or moving travellers.

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(relaySatellite);

1. Dynamic Link Disruptions:
   • Depends on the planetary motion or obstructions,mimic link disruptions.

Config::Set(“/NodeList/0/DeviceList/0/Channel/Delay”, TimeValue(Seconds(1200))); // Modify delay dynamically

10. Evaluate and Optimize

1. Performance Metrics:
   • Estimate the performance parameters such as latency, packet loss, throughput, and energy efficiency.
2. Optimization Techniques:
   • For advanced enhancement, we need to utilize protocols such as LTP (Licklider Transmission Protocol) or BP (Bundle Protocol).

Example Use Cases

• Earth-Mars Communication: Replicate a task control to Mars traveller network.
• Deep Space Missions: Mimic satellite interaction for asteroid investigation.
• Planetary Relay Systems: Experiment the inter-satellite interaction in relay systems.

By using NS3, we were able to execute a detailed implementation approach for executing and analysing the Inter Planetary Networking Projects and we can customize it for evolving requirements.