How to Begin Implement a DSR Protocol in NS3

To create the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol in ns3 tool has includes the leverage for built-in DSR apply the offered through ns3 collections. DSR is a reactive routing protocol used in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) to detect the model for routes dynamically then required.

Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Steps to Begin Implement a DSR Protocol in NS3

1. Set up ns-3 Environment

1. Install ns-3:
   • Download and install the new version of ns-3 from the official site.
   • Confirm the installation through processing a simple script like./waf –run hello-simulator.
2. Enable Required Modules:
   • Assure that dsr, internet, mobility, and wifi patterns are permitted.

2. Define Objectives for DSR Implementation

Demonstrate what we need to achieve by DSR:

• Routing Behavior:
  • Experiment with DSR’s route discovery and handle the devices.
• Mobility:
  • It replicates the node action and estimates on how the DSR maintain dynamic topologies.
• Performance Metrics:
  • It calculates the latency, throughput, and packet delivery ratio.

3. Set Up the Network Topology

1. Create Nodes:
   • Express the set of nodes for MANET.

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(10); // Create 10 mobile nodes

1. Configure Wireless Devices:
   • To replicate the use of wireless communication like as WifiHelper.

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211g);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

1. Set Mobility Model:
   • Configure node mobility to simulate a dynamic topology.

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”,

“Speed”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=10.0]”),

“Pause”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=2.0]”),

“PositionAllocator”, StringValue(“ns3::RandomRectanglePositionAllocator”));

mobility.Install(nodes);

1. Assign IP Addresses:
   • Ipv4AddressHelper used for allocate the IP addresses.

InternetStackHelper internet;

DsrHelper dsr;

DsrMainHelper dsrMain;

internet.Install(nodes);

dsrMain.Install(dsr, nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = ipv4.Assign(devices);

4. Install Applications

1. Simulate Traffic:
   • Use applications like UdpEchoClientHelper and UdpEchoServerHelper to replicate the data flow.

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(9)); // Server at node 9

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.10”), 9); // Target server

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(50));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(0.1))); // Send every 100ms

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Client at node 0

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

1. Monitor Traffic:
   • Use PacketSink to analyze incoming packets.

PacketSinkHelper sinkHelper(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”,

InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), 9));

ApplicationContainer sinkApps = sinkHelper.Install(nodes.Get(9)); // Monitor at server

sinkApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

sinkApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

5. Simulate and Monitor DSR

1. Enable DSR Logging:
   • Use NS_LOG to track DSR-specific actions such as route discovery and handling.

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(“DsrSimulation”);

1. Enable Tracing:
   • Secure the files for tracing to analyze packet flow and routing behavior.

AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

wifiPhy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“dsr-trace.tr”));

1. Enable PCAP Capture:
   • Use PCAP files to study the packet-level specific in tools such as Wireshark.

wifiPhy.EnablePcapAll(“dsr-simulation”);

6. Run the Simulation

1. Start the Simulation:
   • Compile and process the script:

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

7. Analyze and Visualize Results

1. FlowMonitor:
   • Use FlowMonitor for gather and study the congestion metrics.

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“dsr-flowmonitor.xml”, true, true);

1. NetAnim Visualization:
   • Export the simulation for visualization in NetAnim.

AnimationInterface anim(“dsr-simulation.xml”);

8. Extend the Implementation

1. Add Scalability:
   • Improve the number of nodes and follow on how DSR performs in larger networks.
2. Simulate Node Failures:
   • Unable the detailed nodes for validate on how well the DSR support the route repairs and rediscovery.

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(5.0), &Node::SetDown, nodes.Get(3));

1. Test with Different Traffic Patterns:
   • Research by numerous congestion designs such as CBR, FTP, or random flows.
2. Evaluate Performance:
   • It calculates the throughput, end-to-end delay, packet loss, and route convergence times.

Example Use Cases

• Ad Hoc Networks:
  • It replicates the DSR in a mobile ad hoc network by increase the node mobility.
• Disaster Recovery:
  • Validate the DSR’s ability to launch the routes in dynamic and lossy environments.
• IoT Networks:
  • Use the IoT networks for DSR surroundings has containing the devices with unpredictable connectivity.

In this simulation setup, we offered the simple approaches that were demonstrated using the sample code snippets related to the Dynamic Source Routing project which were simulated and evaluated through ns3 tool. Some specific details regarding this process will be provided later.