How to Begin Implement a Data Centric Protocol in NS3

To create a Data-Centric Protocol in ns3 has includes the model for a protocol that concentrate on data attributes rather than detailed addresses for routing and distribution. This method is common in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, in which the data itself for primary concern.

Protocols such as SPIN (Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation), Directed Diffusion, and Rumor Routing are samples of data-centric protocols.

Here’s a step-by-step guide for executing a general Data-Centric Protocol in ns-3:

Steps to Begin Implement a Data Centric Protocol in NS3

1. Understand Data-Centric Protocols

• Key Features:
  • Nodes are creating a routing decision according to the data attributes or interests.
  • It decreases the redundant data transmission through filtering or negotiating data dissemination.
  • Energy-efficient for appropriate the WSNs.
• Core Mechanisms:
  • Interest Propagation: Demands about detailed for data attributes.
  • Data Advertisement: Nodes are advertising accessible data.
  • Data Forwarding: Data is routed for nodes communicating the interest.

2. Set Up ns-3 Environment

1. Install ns-3:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./build.py

1. Verify the installation:

./ns3 run hello-simulator

3. Plan the Network Topology

• Components:
  • It builds a sensor nodes or sending data.
  • Sink nodes are requesting the data according to the attributes.
• Topology:
  • Nodes are located in a grid or randomly with the field.

4. Implement the Data-Centric Protocol
5. Define the Protocol Class

1. Generate a class inheriting from Ipv4RoutingProtocol:

#include “ns3/ipv4-routing-protocol.h”

#include “ns3/ipv4-route.h”

#include “ns3/socket.h”

#include “ns3/packet.h”

#include <map>

#include <string>

class DataCentricRouting : public ns3::Ipv4RoutingProtocol {

public:

DataCentricRouting();

virtual ~DataCentricRouting();

Ptr<Ipv4Route> RouteOutput(Ptr<Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr) override;

bool RouteInput(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb,

MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb,

ErrorCallback ecb) override;

void AdvertiseData(const std::string &data);

void SendInterest(const std::string &interest);

void ForwardData(const std::string &data);

private:

std::map<std::string, Ptr<Packet>> m_dataStore;  // Stores data by attributes

std::map<std::string, Ipv4Address> m_interestTable;  // Tracks interests and sources

};

1. Core Functions:
   • AdvertiseData:
     • Propagate the information about available data.
   • SendInterest:
     • Demand for detailed data according to the attributes.
   • ForwardData:
     • Route data for interested nodes.

1. Create a Helper Class

1. Express the helper:

class DataCentricHelper : public ns3::Ipv4RoutingHelper {

public:

DataCentricHelper() {}

Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> Create(Ptr<Node> node) const override {

return CreateObject<DataCentricRouting>();

}

};

1. Install the helper in the replication script:

DataCentricHelper dataCentricHelper;

ns3::InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.SetRoutingHelper(dataCentricHelper);

stack.Install(nodes);

5. Set Up the Simulation
6. Define Nodes

ns3::NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(10);  // Create 10 nodes

1. Set Up Mobility

ns3::MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, ns3::DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, ns3::DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, ns3::DoubleValue(20.0),

“DeltaY”, ns3::DoubleValue(20.0),

“GridWidth”, ns3::UintegerValue(5),

“LayoutType”, ns3::StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(nodes);

1. Set up Communication

1. Use Wi-Fi or IEEE 802.15.4 for wireless communication:

ns3::WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(ns3::WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211);

ns3::WifiMacHelper mac;

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

ns3::WifiPhyHelper phy = ns3::WifiPhyHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(ns3::YansWifiChannelHelper::Default().Create());

ns3::NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, nodes);

1. Assign IP addresses:

ns3::Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ns3::Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

6. Generate Traffic
7. Simulate Data Advertisement

Ptr<DataCentricRouting> protocol = nodes.Get(0)->GetObject<DataCentricRouting>();

protocol->AdvertiseData(“Temperature”);

1. Simulate Interest Propagation

Ptr<DataCentricRouting> protocol = nodes.Get(5)->GetObject<DataCentricRouting>();

protocol->SendInterest(“Temperature”);

1. Simulate Data Forwarding

• Automatically forward data according to their interests stored in the routing table.

7. Run the Simulation

ns3::Simulator::Run();

ns3::Simulator::Destroy();

8. Analyze Results

Metrics:

• Data Delivery Ratio:
  • Rate of requested data has successfully delivered.
• Latency:
  • It takes the duration for satisfy a data requests.
• Energy Consumption:
  • Estimate the energy consumption for communication.

Tracing and Visualization:

1. Ensure the tracing files for packet analysis .pcap:

ns3::AsciiTraceHelper ascii;

phy.EnableAsciiAll(ascii.CreateFileStream(“data-centric.tr”));

phy.EnablePcapAll(“data-centric”);

1. Designed for envision used the tool like NetAnim:

./waf –run “data-centric-simulation –vis”

9. Iterate and Enhance

• Custom Features:
  • Improve the data aggregation or compression for effectiveness.
  • Apply the caching devices for save the frequently requested data.
• Protocol Comparison:
  • Associate by SPIN, Directed Diffusion, or traditional routing protocols such as AODV.
• Advanced Scenarios:
  • Establish the mobility or node failures for validate the robustness.

These project ideas deliver a variety of opportunities to discover data-centric protocols using NS3 that conceal the areas like energy efficiency, scalability, security, mobility, and fault tolerance. If you have any query regarding those projects we will clarify it.