How to Begin Implement a Cognitive Adhoc Network projects in NS3

To begin executing a Cognitive Ad-Hoc Network (CAN) project using NS3 simulator that needs to replicate both cognitive radio capabilities and ad-hoc network behaviors. Here’s a stepwise instruction to get started:

Steps to Begin Implementing a CAN Projects in NS3

1. Understand the Cognitive Ad-Hoc Network Concept

Familiarize with the concepts of Cognitive Ad-Hoc Networks are dynamic wireless networks where nodes:

• Leverage cognitive radio for detecting and adjusting to the wireless spectrum.
• Function within a decentralized manner devoid of fixed infrastructure like ad-hoc.
• Make sure that both efficient spectrum usage and sustain interaction.

2. Define Project Objectives

• Spectrum Sensing: Initially, we can find how nodes dynamically identify the available spectrum.
• Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA): Mechanism for utilising and issuing channels.
• Routing Protocols: We need to utilise cognitive-aware routing protocols such as CR-AODV, CR-OLSR.
• QoS Metrics: Throughput, latency, packet delivery ratio, and so on.

3. Install and Set Up NS3

• Install NS3:
  • We should download the new version of NS3 on the system.
• Install Cognitive Radio Extensions (Optional):
  • For cognitive radio capabilities, we will want to utilise external NS3 components like NS3-Spectrum or extensions.
• Set Up Environment:
  • Learn the fundamental modules of NS3 such as WiFi, routing protocols, and mobility models.

4. Design the Cognitive Ad-Hoc Network Architecture

Key Components:

1. Cognitive Radio Nodes:
   • Nodes are able to detecting the spectrum and accessing dynamic spectrum.
2. Spectrum Model:
   • Describe the primary and secondary users.
   • Set up licensed and unlicensed bands.
3. Routing Protocols:
   • Execute or Utilize existing routing protocols are enhanced for cognitive networks.
4. Mobility Model:
   • Select mobility models such as Random Waypoint.

5. Implement the Simulation

Step A: Set Up Spectrum Model

• Make use of the Spectrum module within NS3 to describe:
  • Primary User (PU) and Secondary User (SU) behavior.
  • Channel properties like bandwidth, frequency.

#include “ns3/spectrum-module.h”

// Example: Define a Spectrum Channel

Ptr<SpectrumChannel> channel = CreateObject<MultiModelSpectrumChannel>();

Step B: Configure Ad-Hoc Network

1. Create Nodes:
   • Make cognitive ad-hoc nodes with the support of NodeContainer.

NodeContainer adhocNodes;

adhocNodes.Create(10); // Create 10 cognitive nodes

1. Install Wireless Devices:
   • Configure wireless interaction to leverage WifiHelper or AdhocWifiMac.

WifiHelper wifi;

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

WifiMacHelper wifiMac;

wifiMac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(wifiPhy, wifiMac, adhocNodes);

1. Enable Internet Stack:
   • We should install the Internet stack to permit routing and data transfer.

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(adhocNodes);

Step C: Spectrum Sensing and Dynamic Spectrum Access

1. Spectrum Sensing:
   • Execute the sensing logic for identifying unused channels.
   • Describe PU activity to exploit the SpectrumModel.
2. Dynamic Spectrum Access:
   • According to the sensing outcomes, permit nodes to dynamically switch channels.

SpectrumValue spectrumValue = Create<SpectrumValue>(bandwidth);

Step D: Implement Cognitive Routing

• For cognitive-aware routing, we must utilise or prolong the existing routing protocols such as AODV or OLSR.
• Fine-tune these protocols with spectrum awareness.

Step E: Define Traffic Applications

• We can set up traffic applications for making and estimating the traffic.

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(adhocNodes.Get(0));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(adhocNodes.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(0, 0).GetLocal(), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(1000));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(0.1)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(adhocNodes.Get(1));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

6. Simulation Configuration

1. Mobility Model:
   • Describe the node mobility with the help of MobilityHelper.

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(adhocNodes);

1. Simulation Parameters:
   • Specify simulation metrics like simulation duration, logging, and channel conditions.

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(20.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

7. Evaluate Performance

• Gather performance parameters and  examine it:
  • Throughput, packet delivery ratio, delay, and energy efficiency.
• Transfer outcomes into external tools such as MATLAB, Python, or Excel for visualization.

8. Advanced Features

• Spectrum Sharing:
  • Execute the cooperative or non-cooperative spectrum sharing.
• Interference Management:
  • Integrate logic to moderate interference including primary users.
• Energy Efficiency:
  • For energy-aware simulations, we can utilise EnergyModel in NS3.
• Security:
  • Launch approaches for identifying and moderating jamming attacks.

9. Resources

• NS3 Documentation: NS3 Models
• Research Papers: Focus on current enhancements within cognitive ad-hoc networks.
• NS3 Extensions: Discover more cognitive radio modules or frameworks.

Sample Code Framework

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/spectrum-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main() {

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(5); // 5 Cognitive Nodes

// Spectrum Channel

Ptr<SpectrumChannel> spectrumChannel = CreateObject<MultiModelSpectrumChannel>();

// Spectrum Models for Nodes

Ptr<SpectrumValue> spectrum = Create<SpectrumValue>(BandWidth);

// Install Internet Stack

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(nodes);

// Mobility Model

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(nodes);

// Applications and Simulation

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

From this procedure, you can get to know more about the implementation process regarding the Cognitive Adhoc Network using NS3 environment including sample snippet codes. We have to evaluate its performance to enhance the performance. If you need any details concerning this topic, we will deliver it.